Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)
Forged Tantalum plate produced an unusual response during compression tests on sample cored from the plate. OIM results showed that the observed “hourglassing” effect was due to a texture variation through the thickness of the plate.
S. I. Wright, G. T. Gray III and A. D. Rollett (1994). "Textural and Microstructural Gradient Effects on the Mechanical Behavior of a Tantalum Plate." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 25: 1025-1031.